Breast Cancer Screening Programs in 26 ICSN Countries, 2012: Organization, Policies, and Program Reach*
| Region/Country |
Program Type1 |
Year Program Began |
Year in which 100% national screening was or will be achieved: |
Detection Methods in Routine Use2 |
Detection Methods being Evaluated for Possible Use |
Age Groups Covered |
Recommended Interval for Average Risk for Mammography |
Number of Women Screened (2010) |
Participation Rate (2010) |
| Age 40-49 |
Age 50+ |
| NS |
1991 |
|
MM, DM |
|
40-75+ |
2 years |
2 years |
data not available |
data not available |
| NS |
1988 |
|
MM, DM, CBE3 |
3-D Ultrasound |
50-69 |
1 year4 |
2 years |
196,187 |
47.3% |
| NS |
2009 |
|
MM, CBE, U |
DM, MRI, CT, T |
40-59 |
3 years |
3 years |
1,200,000 |
data not available |
| S |
1991 |
2010 |
DM |
T |
50-69 |
NA |
2 years |
275,000 |
73.0% |
| N |
1987 |
|
DM |
|
50-64 |
NA |
2 years |
data not available |
85.0% |
| N |
1989 |
2004 |
MM, DM, CBE |
DM, U |
50-74 |
NA |
2 years |
2,343,980 |
52.3% |
| N |
1987 |
1989 |
DM, CBE5 |
|
40-69 |
2 years |
2 years |
20,517 |
60.0% |
| N |
1997 |
2005 |
MM, DM |
T |
50-74 |
NA |
2 years |
220,000 |
72.0% |
| NS |
2002 |
2007 |
MM, DM |
T |
50-69 |
NA |
2 years |
1,340,311 |
60.5% |
| NS |
1977 |
|
MM, DM, CBE |
U |
40-75+ |
2 years |
2 years |
2,492,868 |
19.0% |
| N |
1999 |
2002 |
MM, DM |
DM |
40-75+ |
2 years |
2 years |
2,602,928 |
39.3% |
| N |
1992 |
1992 |
DM |
|
50-69 |
NA |
2 years |
14,586 |
64.0% |
| N |
1989 |
1997 |
MM, DM |
|
50-74 |
NA |
2 years |
961,766 |
80.7% |
| N |
1998 |
1999 |
MM, DM |
|
45-69 |
2 years |
2 years |
211,922 |
67.5% |
| N |
1996 |
2004 |
DM |
T |
50-69 |
NA |
2 years |
199,818 |
76.0% |
| N |
2006 |
|
MM, DM |
|
50-69 |
NA |
2 years |
985,364 |
39.0% |
| S |
1990 |
|
DM |
|
45-69 |
2 years |
2 years |
100,348 |
63.0% |
| S |
1997 |
|
DM |
|
45-69 |
2 years |
2 years |
7,298 |
58.4% |
| S |
2007 |
|
|
DM |
40-64 |
|
|
6,200 |
19.0% |
| NS |
1995 |
2003 |
MM, DM |
|
50-69 |
NA |
2 years |
527,0007 |
65.0% |
| NS |
1990 |
|
DM |
|
45-69 |
2 years |
2 years |
40,016 |
87.3% |
| S |
1986 |
1996 |
MM, DM |
T |
40-74 |
18 months |
2 years |
1,414,0007 |
70.0% |
| NS |
1999 |
|
MM, DM |
U |
50-69 |
NA |
2 years |
60,700 |
48.2% |
| N |
1988 |
1995 |
MM, DM |
|
50-69 |
|
3 years |
1,957,124 |
73.3% |
| O |
1995 |
|
MM, DM, CBE |
MRI, CT, T |
40-75+ |
1-2 years |
1-2 years |
416,000 |
66.5% |
| O |
1990 |
2016 |
MM, CBE, U, BSE |
DM, MRI |
40-69 |
2 years |
1 year |
352,000 |
data not available |
*Data are from a survey of ICSN country representatives, conducted in 2012
1 Program Types:
N (National screening policy with national program implementation)
NS (National screening policy with state/provincial/regional screening program implementation)
S (State/Provincial/Regional screening and program implementation)
O (Other)
2 Detection Methods:
MM (screen-film mammography)
DM (digital mammography)
T (Tomosynthesis/3-D mammography)
CBE (clinical breast exam)
BSE (breast self-examination)
MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
U (ultrasound)
CT (Computerized Tomographic Imaging)
3 Two of the 12 programs offer CBE or modified CBE in some facilities.
4 One province does screen the 40-49 age group
5 CBE only for those who request it or have suspicious symptoms
6 Data come from the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium
7 Represents estimate
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